Browsing Posts in Events

Sorry, I’ve had a busy few days, so I didn’t have as much time to create formal posts about some topics that are hot right now.  So, I thought I’d just post a couple of my thoughts and help update you on some things.

  • The advance GDP report for the 2nd quarter came out on Friday, and it was absolutely terrible.  For each quarter, we get three readings – each one supposedly closer to the true number.  This was the first of those readings.  But the catch was that it also came with “updates” to GDP’s that were reported several years ago!  And they were all adjusted … you guessed it, down.  This means that things were even worse in the “Great Recession” of 2007-09 than we thought.  Now, the actual reading for the 2nd quarter GDP was a gain of 1.3% over the previous quarter.  So, if the economy were to continue expanding at the same pace it did in Q2, in one year, it would be 1.3% higher than it started – adjusting for inflation.  Some of the details in the report were just awful, like how little consumers are spending (but then, you already know this if you’ve read my Easy Pod: The Consumer).
  • The U.S. House of Representatives passed a bill today that raises the debt ceiling (the maximum amount of debt allowed) and would prevent the U.S. Government from defaulting on its debts.  The Senate now has to pass the bill and send it to President Obama to sign tomorrow to meet the deadline of Aug 2.  This was supposed to be a HUGE relief for investors.  It looked like it would be, as overseas stock markets that open well in advance of the U.S. were all rallying higher, but by the time U.S. markets opened, the negative economic news of the day (indicating a much slower growth of manufacturing) and the fact that an actual bill hadn’t yet been signed to avert a U.S. default both helped derail hopes of a rally.  Most major indexes (like S&P 500, Nasdaq) were down well over 1% at one point, but they mostly rallied back to respectable levels, down about a half a percent.  A promising day turned into a disappointing one.  And don’t forget, there is still a chance that the U.S. Government’s “credit rating” could be downgraded, which would mean it’d have to pay higher interest rates on its debt, something which will make the problem even worse.
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On Tuesday, the Federal Open Market Committee (a part of the Federal Reserve) will hold one of its eight annual meetings to discuss economic policy decisions.  The Federal Reserve, also called “The Fed,” has several important duties.  The most important is that of making sure the economy is growing steadily.  They don’t want the economy to grow too fast, because that usually leads to inflation (prices increasing rapidly).  But if the economy grows too slowly, there is a risk of a recession where the economy actually contracts.  How do they affect the growth rate of the economy?

The most important decision the Fed controls is the federal funds target rate.  Banks borrow money from each other all the time using overnight loans.  The rate of interest they charge each other for these loans is called the “federal funds rate” and is related to the target rate I mentioned above.  Notice that I said “related” to the target rate.  Basically, the Fed announces that it has set a target rate of 0.5%, for example.  The next thing the Fed does is to buy or sell government securities like bonds, which are a loan that someone makes to the government.  By buying or selling lots of these securities, they are either putting in or taking out cash from banks around the country.  If banks have plenty of cash, they won’t need to take out overnight loans, which means that the demand for those loans goes down, and that means the interest rate banks can charge for overnight loans goes down.  That’s how the Fed can attempt to get the real federal funds rate as close to their target as possible.

Right now, the federal funds target rate is 0-0.25%.  The effective federal funds rate today was 0.19%.  Nice job, Fed.

On Tuesday, the Fed will announce what they want the target rate to be.  Pretty much everyone expects them to keep it at 0-0.25%, which is basically as low as they can go.  Investors are also looking to see what the Fed will actually say in their statement.  The Fed’s statement is one of the most closely analyzed statements you’ll find, other than those issued by professional athletes who have cheated on their spouses!  “Oh, they changed it from ‘a long time’ to the ‘foreseeable future’ – oh my goodness!” continue reading…

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